\n
awk [-F ERE] [-v assignment] 'program' [argument ...]<\/code>
\nawk [-F ERE] -f progfile ... [-v assignment] ...[argument ...]<\/code><\/p>\n\u6ce8\u610f<\/strong>\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e00\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684 \u547d\u4ee4(program) \u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u7528\u5355\u5f15\u53f7<\/strong>\u5f15\u8d77\u3002 awk -v a='a b c' 'BEGIN {print a; a=123} END{print a}'<\/code><\/p>\n\u6807\u51c6\u7684awk\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u53c2\u6570\u4e3b\u8981\u7531\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e09\u4e2a\uff1a<\/p>\n
\n- -F ERE\uff1a\u5b9a\u4e49\u5b57\u6bb5\u5206\u9694\u7b26\uff0c\u8be5\u9009\u9879\u7684\u503c\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6216\u6269\u5c55\u7684\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff08ERE\uff09\uff0c\u5982\uff1a
-F:<\/code> \u8868\u793a\u4ee5\u5192\u53f7\u5206\u9694\u5b57\u6bb5\u3002 <\/li>\n- -f progfile\uff1a\u6307\u5b9aawk\u811a\u672c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u540c\u65f6\u6307\u5b9a\u591a\u4e2a\u811a\u672c\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4f1a\u6309\u7167\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u8fde\u63a5\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u3002<\/li>\n
- -v assignment\uff1a\u5b9a\u4e49awk\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5f62\u5f0f\u540cawk\u4e2d\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u8d4b\u503c\uff0c\u5373name=value\uff0c\u8d4b\u503c\u53d1\u751f\u5728awk\u5904\u7406\u6587\u672c\u4e4b\u524d\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
awk\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u9010\u884c\u626b\u63cf\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5bfb\u627e\u5339\u914d\u7279\u5b9a\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u884c\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u884c\u4e0a\u6267\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002
\nawk\u53ef\u4ee5\u540c\u65f6\u6307\u5b9a\u591a\u4e2a\u8f93\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8f93\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u4e3a-<\/code>\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u4ece\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u8bfb\u53d6\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\nAwk\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u88ab\u89e3\u6790\u6210\u591a\u4e2a\u8bb0\u5f55\uff08Record\uff09\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u5206\u9694\u7b26\u662f \\n<\/code>\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e00\u884c\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u5206\u9694\u7b26\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5185\u7f6e\u53d8\u91cfRS\u66f4\u6539\u3002\u5f53\u8bb0\u5f55\u5339\u914d\u67d0\u4e2apattern<\/code>\u65f6\uff0c\u624d\u4f1a\u6267\u884c\u540e\u7eed\u7684action<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n\u800c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bb0\u5f55\u53c8\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5730\u88ab\u5206\u9694\u6210\u591a\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\uff08Field\uff09\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u5206\u9694\u7b26\u662f\u7a7a\u767d\u7b26\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u7a7a\u683c\u3001\u5236\u8868\u7b26\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7-F ERE\u9009\u9879\u6216\u8005\u5185\u7f6e\u53d8\u91cfFS\u66f4\u6539\u3002\u5728awk\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 $1\uff0c$2\u2026<\/code> \u6765\u8bbf\u95ee\u5bf9\u5e94\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u540c\u65f6 $0<\/code> \u5b58\u653e\u6574\u4e2a\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u6709\u70b9\u7c7b\u4f3cshell\u4e0b\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u4f4d\u7f6e\u53c2\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5185\u7f6e\u53d8\u91cf<\/h2>\n\n\u53d8\u91cf\u540d \u63cf\u8ff0\n$0 \u5f53\u524d\u8bb0\u5f55\uff08\u5b58\u653e\u6574\u884c\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff09\n$1-$n \u5f53\u524d\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u7b2cn\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u5b57\u6bb5\u95f4\u7531FS\u5206\u9694\n\nFS \u8f93\u5165\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u5206\u9694\u7b26\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a\u7a7a\u683c\u6216Tab\nNF \u5f53\u524d\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e2d\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u4e2a\u6570\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u5217\nRS \u8f93\u5165\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u5206\u9694\u7b26\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6362\u884c\u7b26\nNR \u5df2\u7ecf\u8bfb\u51fa\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\u6570\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u884c\u53f7\uff0c\u4ece1\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u503c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e0d\u65ad\u7d2f\u52a0\u3002\n\nFNR \u5f53\u524d\u8bb0\u5f55\u6570\uff0c\u4e0eNR\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u503c\u662f\u5404\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u884c\u53f7\nFILENAME \u5f53\u524d\u88ab\u5904\u7406\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\n\nOFS \u8f93\u51fa\u65f6\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u5206\u9694\u7b26\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a\u7a7a\u683c\nORS \u8f93\u51fa\u65f6\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u5206\u9694\u7b26\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6362\u884c\u7b26\n\nARGC \u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\uff0c\u5373ARGV\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\nARGV \u5b58\u653e\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u53c2\u6570\nCONVFMT \u5b9a\u4e49awk\u5185\u90e8\u6570\u503c\u8f6c\u6362\u6210\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u4e3a\u201d%.6g\u201d\nOFMT \u5b9a\u4e49\u8f93\u51fa\u65f6\u6570\u503c\u8f6c\u6362\u6210\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u4e3a\u201d%.6g\u201d\nENVIRON \u5b58\u653e\u7cfb\u7edf\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u5173\u8054\u6570\u7ec4\nRLENGTH \u88abmatch\u51fd\u6570\u5339\u914d\u7684\u5b50\u4e32\u957f\u5ea6\nRSTART \u88abmatch\u51fd\u6570\u5339\u914d\u7684\u5b50\u4e32\u4f4d\u4e8e\u76ee\u6807\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u4e0b\u6807\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\u6a21\u5f0f\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c<\/h2>\n
awk\u811a\u672c\u662f\u7531\u6a21\u5f0f\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\uff1apattern {action}<\/code>\u3002
\n\u4e24\u8005\u662f\u53ef\u9009\u7684\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u5219action\u5e94\u7528\u5230\u5168\u90e8\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709action\uff0c\u5219\u8f93\u51fa\u5339\u914d\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002
\n\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f93\u5165\u884c\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u6761\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u4f46\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7RS\u53d8\u91cf\u6307\u5b9a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5206\u9694\u7b26\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u5272\u3002<\/p>\n\u6a21\u5f0f<\/h3>\n
\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4e00\u4e0b\u4efb\u610f\u4e00\u4e2a\uff1a<\/p>\n
\n\u6a21\u5f0f \u8bf4\u660e\n\/\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\/ \u4f7f\u7528\u901a\u914d\u7b26\u7684\u6269\u5c55\u96c6\u3002\u5982\uff1a \/abc\/ \u8868\u793a\u5339\u914d\u542b\u6709abc\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55 \u3002\n\u5173\u7cfb\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f \u7528\u5173\u7cfb\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u8fdb\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6216\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83\uff0c\u5982\uff1a$2 > %1 \u8868\u793a\u9009\u62e9\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u6bd4\u7b2c1\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u5927\u7684\u884c\u3002\n\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f \u7528\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26~ \u5339\u914d \u548c~! \u4e0d\u5339\u914d \u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u5982\uff1a $6 ~ \/abc\/ \uff0c\u8868\u793a\u5339\u914d\u7b2c6\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u5305\u542babc\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002\n\u6a21\u5f0f, \u6a21\u5f0f \u6307\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u884c\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u3002\u8be5\u8bed\u6cd5\u4e0d\u80fd\u5305\u62ecBEGIN\u548cEND\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\nBEGIN \u8ba9\u7528\u6237\u6307\u5b9a\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u6761\u8f93\u5165\u8bb0\u5f55\u88ab\u5904\u7406\u4e4b\u524d\u6240\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u53ef\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u5982\uff1a awk 'BEGIN {FS=\":\"}'\nEND \u8ba9\u7528\u6237\u5728\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6761\u8bb0\u5f55\u88ab\u8bfb\u53d6\u4e4b\u540e\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u3002\u5982\uff1a echo -e \"1\\n2\\n3\\n12\" | awk '{sum += $1} END {print sum}'\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\u64cd\u4f5c<\/h3>\n
\u7531\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u3001\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u4e4b\u95f4\u7531\u6362\u884c\u7b26\u6216\u5206\u53f7\u9694\u5f00\uff0c\u5e76\u4f4d\u4e8e\u5927\u62ec\u53f7\u5185\u3002\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u56db\u90e8\u5206\uff1a<\/p>\n
\n- \u53d8\u91cf\u6216\u6570\u7ec4\u8d4b\u503c\uff0c a[i]++ \u8868\u793a\u5bf9\u6570\u7ec4a\u7684\u7b2ci\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u8fdb\u884c\u52a01\u3002<\/li>\n
- \u8f93\u51fa\u547d\u4ee4
print 12 \" = \" 456<\/code> \u5c06\u8f93\u51fa 12 = 456<\/code>. <\/li>\n- \u5185\u7f6e\u51fd\u6570 <\/li>\n
- \u63a7\u5236\u6d41\u547d\u4ee4 \u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528
if else if else<\/code> \u8bed\u53e5<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\u5b8c\u6574\u7684awk\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\uff1a
\nawk ' BEGIN {\u5904\u7406\u6587\u4ef6\u524d\u6267\u884c\u7684\u547d\u4ee4} {\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c\u8fdb\u884c\u5904\u7406\u7684\u547d\u4ee4} END {\u5904\u7406\u5b8c\u6587\u4ef6\u540e\u6267\u884c\u7684\u547d\u4ee4} ' files<\/code><\/p>\n\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u3001\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u3001\u53d8\u91cf<\/h2>\n\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26<\/h3>\n\n\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26 \u63cf\u8ff0\n= += -= *= \/= %= ^= **= \u8d4b\u503c\n?: C\u6761\u4ef6\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\n|| \u903b\u8f91\u6216\n&& \u903b\u8f91\u4e0e\n~ ~! \u5339\u914d\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u548c\u4e0d\u5339\u914d\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\n< <= > >= != == \u5173\u7cfb\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\n\u7a7a\u683c \u8fde\u63a5\n+ - \u52a0\uff0c\u51cf\n* \/ & \u4e58\uff0c\u9664\u4e0e\u6c42\u4f59\n+ - ! \u4e00\u5143\u52a0\uff0c\u51cf\u548c\u903b\u8f91\u975e\n^ *** \u6c42\u5e42\n++ -- \u589e\u52a0\u6216\u51cf\u5c11\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u524d\u7f00\u6216\u540e\u7f00\n$ \u5b57\u6bb5\u5f15\u7528\nin \u6570\u7ec4\u6210\u5458\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff08Expressions\uff09<\/h3>\n
\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7531\u5e38\u91cf\u3001\u53d8\u91cf\u3001\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u548c\u51fd\u6570\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u5e38\u6570\u548c\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u503c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u548c\u6570\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n
\u53d8\u91cf<\/h3>\n
\u5185\u5efa\u53d8\u91cf\u4e00\u822c\u662f\u5927\u5199\u7684\uff0c\u53c2\u8003\u524d\u9762\u201c\u5185\u7f6e\u53d8\u91cf\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7528\u6237\u5b9a\u4e49\u53d8\u91cf\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6216\u6570\u5b57\uff0c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u9884\u5148\u58f0\u660e\u6216\u521d\u59cb\u5316\uff0c\u672a\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u503c\u4e3a\"\"<\/code>\uff0c\u672a\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7684\u6570\u503c\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u503c\u4e3a0<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n\u5b57\u6bb5\u53d8\u91cf\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528$n\u6765\u5f15\u7528\uff0cn\u7684\u53d6\u503c\u8303\u56f4\u4e3a[0,NF]\uff0cNF\u662f\u5f53\u524d\u884c\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\u603b\u6570\u3002n\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982$NF\u4ee3\u7801\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u800c$(NF-1)\u8868\u793a\u5012\u6570\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u3002\u5b57\u6bb5\u53d8\u91cf\u53ef\u88ab\u4fee\u6539\u548c\u8d4b\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n
awk\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528 -v \u53c2\u6570\u548c ENVIRON \uff0c\u4f7f\u7528ENVIRON \u7684\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u9700\u8981\u5148 export\u3002<\/p>\n
\nexport y=12\necho \"\" | awk -v var=\"abc\" 'END{print var, ENVIRON[\"y\"]}' \n<\/code><\/pre>\n\u6b63\u5219\u5143\u5b57\u7b26<\/h2>\n
\u901a\u7528\u7684\u5143\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6\uff0c\u4e0esed\u4e00\u6837\u3002<\/p>\n
\n^ \u8868\u793a\u884c\u7684\u5f00\u5934\u3002\n$ \u8868\u793a\u884c\u7684\u7ed3\u5c3e\u3002\n. \u53e5\u70b9\u8868\u793a\u4efb\u610f\u5355\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\n* \u661f\u53f7\u8868\u793a\u67d0\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u51fa\u73b0\u4e860\u6b21\u6216\u591a\u6b21\u3002\n[] \u5b57\u7b26\u96c6\u5408\u3002\u5982[0-9]\u8868\u793a\u6570\u5b570-9\u4e2d\u7684\u4efb\u610f\u4e00\u4e2a\uff0c[a-zA-Z]\u8868\u793a\u5b57\u6bcd\u4e2d\u7684\u4efb\u610f\u4e00\u4e2a\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6\u4ee5^\u5f00\u5934\u8868\u793a\u975e\uff0c\u5982[^0-9]\u8868\u793a\u975e\u6570\u5b57\u3002\n<\/code><\/pre>\ngawk\u4e13\u7528\u5143\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6\uff0c\u4e0d\u9002\u5408unix\u7248\u672c\u7684awk\u3002<\/p>\n
\n\\Y \u5339\u914d\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u8bcd\u7684\u5f00\u5934\u6216\u8005\u672b\u5c3e\u7684\u7a7a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002\n\\B \u5339\u914d\u5355\u8bcd\u5185\u7684\u7a7a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002\n\\< \u8868\u793a\u8bcd\u9996\uff0c\u5982 \\ \u8868\u793a\u8bcd\u5c3e\uff0c\u5982 abc\\>\u8868\u793a\u4ee5abc\u4e3a\u5c3e\u7684\u5355\u8bcd\u3002\n\\w \u5339\u914d\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bcd\u6570\u5b57\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u5355\u8bcd\u3002\n\\W \u5339\u914d\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5b57\u6bcd\u6570\u5b57\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u5355\u8bcd\u3002\n\\' \u5339\u914d\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5f00\u5934\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002\n\\' \u5339\u914d\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u672b\u5c3e\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\u4f8b\u5b50<\/h2>\n\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u8fc7\u6ee4\u8bb0\u5f55<\/h3>\n
awk '$3 == 0 && $6 != \"LISTEN\" {printf \"%-20s %-10s\\n\", $5, $6} ' netstat.txt<\/code><\/p>\n\u6307\u5b9a\u5206\u9694\u7b26<\/h3>\n
\u4e0b\u9762\u4e24\u53e5\u662f\u7b49\u4ef7\u7684\uff1a
\nawk 'BEGIN{ FS=\":\" } {print $1, $3, $6}' \/etc\/passwd<\/code>
\nawk -F: '{print $1, $3, $6}' \/etc\/passwd<\/code><\/p>\n\u6307\u5b9a\u8f93\u51fa\u5206\u9694\u7b26\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u4e4b\u540e\u6307\u5b9a\uff0c\u4e4b\u524d\u6307\u5b9a\u4f1a\u51fa\u9519\uff1a
\nawk -F: '{print $1,$3,$6}' OFS=\"\\t\" \/etc\/passwd<\/code><\/p>\n\u4f7f\u7528\u53d8\u91cf\u548cEND\u6a21\u5f0f<\/h3>\n
awk\u91cc\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u4f7f\u7528\u524d\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5148\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 BEGIN \u8bed\u53e5\u5757\u91cc\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u3002
\necho -e \"1\\n2\\n3\\n12\" | awk '{sum += $1} END {print sum}'<\/code><\/p>\n\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5339\u914d<\/h3>\n
awk '$6 ~ \/FIN|TIME\/ || NR == 1 {print NR,$4,$5,$6}' OFS=\"\\t\" netstat.txt<\/code>
\n\/FIN|TIME\/<\/code> \u8868\u793a\u5339\u914d\u542b\u6709 FIN\u6216 TIME\u3002<\/p>\n\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e0d\u5339\u914d
\nawk '$6 !~ \/FIN\/ || NR == 1 {print NR,$4,$5,$6}' OFS=\"\\t\" netstat.txt<\/code><\/p>\n\u62c6\u5206\u6587\u4ef6<\/h3>\n
awk \u62c6\u5206\u6587\u4ef6\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\uff08>, >>\uff09\u3002\u6709\u5217\u503c\u5206\u533a\u7684\u611f\u89c9\u3002<\/p>\n
\u53ef\u4ee5\u6309\u67d0\u4e00\u5217\u7684\u503c\u6765\u62c6\u5206\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4ee5\u7b2cN\u5217\u4e3a\u62c6\u5206\u5217\uff0c\u5176\u503c\u4e3aA\u3001B\u3001C\u4e09\u4e2a\u503c\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6240\u6709\u7b2cN\u5217\u503c\u4e3aA\u7684\u90fd\u884c\u90fd\u88ab\u5206\u62c6\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u4e3aA\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7b2cN\u5217\u503c\u4e3aB\u7684\u90fd\u884c\u90fd\u88ab\u5206\u62c6\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u4e3aB\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7b2cN\u5217\u503c\u4e3aC\u7684\u90fd\u884c\u90fd\u88ab\u5206\u62c6\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u4e3aC\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002
\nawk 'NR!=1 {print > $6} ' netstat.txt<\/code><\/p>\n\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u5b9a\u8f93\u51fa\u5217\uff1a
\nawk 'NR!=1 {print $3, $4, $5 > $6} ' netstat.txt<\/code><\/p>\n\u8f93\u51fa\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6
\nawk 'NR!=1 {if ($6 ~ \/TIME|ESTABLISHED\/) print > \"1.txt\"; else if ($6 ~ \/LISTEN\/) print > \"2.txt\"; else print > \"3.txt\" }' netstat.txt<\/code><\/p>\nawk \u7f16\u7a0b<\/h2>\n\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u548c\u7ba1\u9053<\/h3>\n\n- awk\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528shell\u7684\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u7b26\u8fdb\u884c\u8f93\u51fa\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u3002\u5982\uff1a
awk 'NR!=1 {if ($6 ~ \/TIME|ESTABLISHED\/) print > \"1.txt\"; else if ($6 ~ \/LISTEN\/) print > \"2.txt\"; else print > \"3.txt\" }' netstat.txt<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n- \n
\u8f93\u5165\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u9700\u7528\u5230getline\u51fd\u6570\u3002getline\u4ece\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u3001\u7ba1\u9053\u6216\u8005\u5f53\u524d\u6b63\u5728\u5904\u7406\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u8f93\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u83b7\u5f97\u8f93\u5165\u3002 \u5b83\u8d1f\u8d23\u4ece\u8f93\u5165\u83b7\u5f97\u4e0b\u4e00\u884c\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5e76\u7ed9NF, NR, FNR\u7b49\u5185\u7f6e\u53d8\u91cf\u8d4b\u503c\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5f97\u5230\u4e00\u6761\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0cgetline\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de1\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5230\u8fbe\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u672b\u5c3e\u5c31\u8fd4\u56de0\uff0c\u51fa\u73b0\u9519\u8bef\u5c31\u8fd4\u56de-1\u3002
\n awk 'BEGIN {\"date\" | getline d; print d}'<\/code> \uff0c \u5f97\u5230\u8f93\u51fa \uff1a Tue Apr 16 15:21:13 2013
\n \u8fd9\u91cc\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u6307\u5b9a\u8f93\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3aBEGIN\u5757\u5728\u6253\u5f00\u8f93\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u524d\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5ffd\u7565\u8f93\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\nawk 'BEGIN{printf \"What is your name ?\"; getline name < \"\/dev\/tty\"} $1 ~ name {print \"Found \" name \" on line \" NR \".\"} END{print \" See you \" name \".\"}' namefile<\/code>
\n \u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4ece\u7ec8\u7aef\u8bfb\u5165\u4e00\u884c\u8d4b\u503c\u7ed9name\uff0c\u4ee5name\u7684\u503c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u6765\u5339\u914d\u3002<\/p>\nawk 'BEGIN{lc=0; while (getline < \"\/etc\/passwd\" > 0) lc++; print lc}'<\/code> \u4ece\u6587\u4ef6\u8bfb\u53d6\u8f93\u5165\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n- \n
\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728awk\u4e2d\u6253\u5f00\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ba1\u9053\uff0c\u4e14\u540c\u4e00\u65f6\u523b\u53ea\u80fd\u7531\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ba1\u9053\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u901a\u8fc7close()<\/code>\u53ef\u5173\u95ed\u7ba1\u9053\u3002\u5982\uff1aawk '{print $1 | \"sort\" } END{close(\"sort\")}' namefile<\/code>\uff0c\u628aprint\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u4f5c\u4e3asort\u7684\u8f93\u5165\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u5728END<\/code>\u5757\u6267\u884c\u5173\u95ed\u7ba1\u9053\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n- \n
system<\/code> \u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728awk\u4e2d\u6267\u884clinxu\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u5982\uff1a\u3000awk 'BEGIN{system(\"clear\")}'<\/code><\/p>\n<\/li>\n- \n
fflush<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u5237\u65b0\u8f93\u51fa\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5c31\u5237\u65b0\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4ee5\u7a7a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e3a\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5982fflush(\"\")<\/code>\uff0c\u5219\u5237\u65b0\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u7ba1\u9053\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nif else if else \u8bed\u53e5<\/h3>\n
awk\u4e2d\u7684if\u4e0ec\u7684\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff1a<\/p>\n
\nif (expression) {\n statements;\n}\n\nif (expression) {\n statements;\n} else {\n statements;\n}\n\nif (expression) {\n statements;\n} else if (expression) {\n statements;\n} else {\n statements;\n}\n<\/code><\/pre>\nwhile\u3001for\u5faa\u73af<\/h3>\n\n- \u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5faa\u73af\u4e0eC\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u8fd8\u662f\u5f88\u50cf\u7684\uff0c\u4f46for\u5faa\u73af\u652f\u6301\u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884cfor-each\u8fed\u4ee3\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\nwhile(condition) {\n statements;\n}\n\nfor (init-statement; condition; step-statment) {\n statements;\n}\n\nfor (name\/index in array) {\n statements;\n}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n- breadkcontinue\u8bed\u53e5\u3002break\u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u6ee1\u8db3\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u8df3\u51fa\u5faa\u73af\uff1bcontinue\u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u6ee1\u8db3\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u5ffd\u7565\u540e\u9762\u7684\u8bed\u53e5\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\u5faa\u73af\u7684\u9876\u7aef\u3002
\n awk 'BEGIN{c=5; for(i=0; i < c; i++) if (i==2) {continue;} else if (i==3){break;}else{print i} }' namefile<\/code><\/p>\n<\/li>\n- \n
next<\/code> \u8bed\u53e5\u4ece\u8f93\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6\u4e00\u884c\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4ece\u5934\u5f00\u59cb\u6267\u884cawk\u811a\u672c\u3002
\n awk '{if ($1 ~ \/bruce\/){next} else {print $1 | \"sort\" }} END{close(\"sort\")}' namefile<\/code><\/p>\n<\/li>\n- \n
exit<\/code> \u8bed\u53e5\u7528\u4e8e\u7ed3\u675fawk\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u4f1a\u7565\u8fc7END\u5757\u3002\u9000\u51fa\u72b6\u6001\u4e3a0\u4ee3\u8868\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u975e0\u8868\u793a\u51fa\u9519\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\u6570\u7ec4<\/h3>\n
awk\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u4e0b\u6807\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u6570\u5b57\u548c\u5b57\u6bcd\uff0c\u79f0\u4e3a\u5173\u8054\u6570\u7ec4\u3002<\/p>\n
\n- \u4f7f\u7528\u53d8\u91cf\u505a\u6570\u7ec4\u4e0b\u6807\uff1a
awk '{name[x++]=$1;} END{for (i=0;i<NR;i++) print i, name[i]}' namefile<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n- \n
\u4f7f\u7528for-each\u5faa\u73af<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\n for (item in arrayname){\n print arrayname[item]\n }\n <\/code><\/pre>\n\n- \n
\u7528\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e0b\u6807\u3002\u5982\uff1acount[“test”]\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
- \n
delete\u51fd\u6570\u7528\u4e8e\u5220\u9664\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u5982\uff1a$ awk ‘{line[x++]=$1} END{for(x in line) delete(line[x])}’ test\u3002\u5206\u914d\u7ed9\u6570\u7ec4line\u7684\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u57df\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u8bb0\u5f55\u5904\u7406\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0cfor-each\u5faa\u73af\u5c06\u5220\u9664\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n
<<\/p>\n
pre>
\necho \"1 2 3\" | awk '{
\nfor (i=0;i<NF;i++)
\n a[i]=i;
\n}<\/p>\nEND {
\n print 3 in a
\n for (i in a)
\n printf \"%s: %s\\n\", i, a[i];
\n}'
\n<\/code><\/p>\n
\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728if<\/code>\u5206\u652f\u5224\u65ad\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528in<\/code>\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\uff1a if (item in array)<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n\u51fd\u6570<\/h3>\n\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u51fd\u6570<\/h4>\n
\u51fd\u6570\u5b9a\u4e49\u683c\u5f0f\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\uff1afunction name(parameter list) { statements }<\/code><\/p>\n\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u5217\u8868\u7528\u9017\u53f7\u5206\u9694\uff0c\u53c2\u6570\u9ed8\u8ba4\u662f\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u4e4b\u5916\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u4e3a\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u4e4b\u5916\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002
\nAwk\u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u7684\u8bed\u53e5\u4f7f\u7528\u7a7a\u884c\u6216\u8005\u5206\u53f7\u5206\u9694\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u5206\u53f7\u53ef\u4ee5\u653e\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u884c\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u6709\u65f6\u5019\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5206\u652f\u6216\u5faa\u73af\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u51fa\u9519\u3002
\n\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u8bed\u53e5\u662f\u53ef\u9009\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6570\u5b66\u51fd\u6570<\/h4>\n
awk\u4e2d\u652f\u6301\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6570\u5b66\u51fd\u6570\uff1a
\natan2(y,x)\uff1a\u53cd\u6b63\u5207\u51fd\u6570\uff1b
\ncos(x)\uff1a\u4f59\u5f26\u51fd\u6570\uff1b
\nsin(x)\uff1a\u6b63\u5f26\u51fd\u6570\uff1b
\nexp(x)\uff1a\u4ee5\u81ea\u7136\u5bf9\u6570e\u4e3a\u5e95\u6307\u6570\u51fd\u6570\uff1b
\nlog(x)\uff1a\u8ba1\u7b97\u4ee5e \u4e3a\u5e95\u7684\u5bf9\u6570\u503c\uff1b
\nsqrt(x)\uff1a\u7edd\u5bf9\u503c\u51fd\u6570\uff1b
\nint(x)\uff1a\u5c06\u6570\u503c\u8f6c\u6362\u6210\u6574\u6570\uff1b
\nrand()\uff1a\u8fd4\u56de0\u52301\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u968f\u673a\u6570\u503c\uff0c\u4e0d\u5305\u542b1\uff1b
\nsrand([expr])\uff1a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u968f\u673a\u79cd\u5b50\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u4e0erand\u51fd\u6570\u914d\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u53c2\u6570\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4f7f\u7528\u5f53\u524d\u65f6\u95f4\u4e3a\u79cd\u5b50\uff1b<\/p>\n
\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u51fd\u6570<\/h4>\n
sub(ere, repl[, in])
\n\u5c06in\u4e2d\u5339\u914dere\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u66ff\u6362\u6210repl\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u662f\u66ff\u6362\u7684\u6b21\u6570\u3002\u5982\u679cin\u53c2\u6570\u7701\u7565\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4f7f\u7528$0\u3002\u66ff\u6362\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u4f1a\u76f4\u63a5\u4fee\u6539\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u503c\u3002\u5728repl\u53c2\u6570\u4e2d&\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u5b83\u8868\u793a\u5339\u914d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n
gsub(ere, repl[, in])
\n\u540csub()\u51fd\u6570\u529f\u80fd\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662fgsub()\u662f\u5168\u5c40\u66ff\u6362\uff0c\u5373\u66ff\u6362\u6240\u6709\u5339\u914d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n
index(s, t)
\n\u8fd4\u56de\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32t\u5728s\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\u8fd9\u91cc\u4f4d\u7f6e\u662f\u4ece1\u5f00\u59cb\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u627e\u5230\u5219\u8fd4\u56de0\u3002<\/p>\n
length[([s])]
\n\u8fd4\u56de\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u53c2\u6570s\u6ca1\u6709\u6307\u5b9a\uff0c\u5219\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4f7f\u7528$0\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53c2\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n
match(s, ere)
\n\u8fd4\u56de\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32s\u5339\u914dere\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u5339\u914d\u5219\u8fd4\u56de0\u3002\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u4f1a\u5b9a\u4e49RSTART\u548cRLENGTH\u4e24\u4e2a\u5185\u7f6e\u53d8\u91cf\u3002RSTART\u4e0e\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u76f8\u540c\uff0cRLENGTH\u8bb0\u5f55\u5339\u914d\u5b50\u4e32\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u5339\u914d\u5219\u4e3a-1\u3002<\/p>\n
split(s, a[, fs])
\n\u5c06\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6309\u7167\u5206\u9694\u7b26fs\uff0c\u5206\u9694\u6210\u591a\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5e76\u5b58\u5230\u6570\u7ec4a\u4e2d\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u5b58\u653e\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u662f\u4ece\u7b2c1\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u3002\u5982\u679cfs\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u5219\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4f7f\u7528FS\u5206\u9694\u3002\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u5206\u9694\u7684\u4e2a\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n
sprintf(fmt, expr, expr, …)
\n\u7c7b\u4f3cprintf\uff0c\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5c06\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u540e\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u8f93\u51fa\u5230\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5f53\u4f5c\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u8fd4\u56de\u3002<\/p>\n
substr(s, m[, n])
\n\u8fd4\u56de\u4ece\u4f4d\u7f6em\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\uff0c\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3an\u7684\u5b50\u4e32\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4ece1\u5f00\u59cb\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u672a\u6307\u5b9an\u6216\u8005n\u503c\u5927\u4e8e\u5269\u4f59\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e2a\u6570\uff0c\u5219\u5b50\u4e32\u4e00\u76f4\u5230\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u672b\u5c3e\u4e3a\u6b62\u3002<\/p>\n
tolower(s)
\n\u5c06\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u8f6c\u6362\u6210\u5c0f\u5199\u5b57\u7b26\u3002<\/p>\n
toupper(s)
\n\u5c06\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u8f6c\u6362\u6210\u5927\u5199\u5b57\u7b26\u3002<\/p>\n
I\/O\u5904\u7406\u51fd\u6570<\/h4>\ngetline<\/h5>\n
getline\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\u76f8\u5bf9\u6bd4\u8f83\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u5b83\u6709\u51e0\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u5b83\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\u5c31\u662f\u4ece\u8f93\u5165\u4e2d\u6bcf\u6b21\u83b7\u53d6\u4e00\u884c\u8f93\u5165\u3002<\/p>\n
\n- expression | getline [var]
\n\u8fd9\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u5c06\u524d\u9762\u7ba1\u9053\u524d\u547d\u4ee4\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u4f5c\u4e3agetline\u7684\u8f93\u5165\uff0c\u6bcf\u6b21\u8bfb\u53d6\u4e00\u884c\u3002\u5982\u679c\u540e\u9762\u8ddf\u6709var\uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u8bfb\u53d6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u4fdd\u5b58\u5230var\u53d8\u91cf\u4e2d\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u4f1a\u91cd\u65b0\u8bbe\u7f6e$0\u548cNF\u3002
\n\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4e0a\u9762\u7684statement.txt\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u663e\u793a\u4f5c\u4e3agetline\u7684\u8f93\u5165\uff1a
\n[kodango@devops awk_temp]$ awk ‘BEGIN { while(“cat statement.txt” | getline var) print var}’
\nstatement
\ndelete
\nexit
\nnext<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u52a0var\uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u5199\u5230$0\u4e2d\uff0c\u6ce8\u610fNF\u503c\u4e5f\u4f1a\u88ab\u66f4\u65b0\u3002<\/p>\n
\n- getline [var]
\n\u7b2c\u4e8c\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528getline\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u4ece\u5904\u7406\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6\u8f93\u5165\u3002\u540c\u6837\u5730\uff0c\u5982\u679cvar\u6ca1\u6709\uff0c\u5219\u4f1a\u8bbe\u7f6e$0\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8fd9\u65f6\u5019\u4f1a\u66f4\u65b0NF, NR\u548cFNR\uff1a
\n[kodango@devops awk_temp]$ awk ‘{<\/p>\n\n while (getline)
\n print NF, NR, FNR, $0;
\n }’ statement.txt
\n 1 2 2 delete
\n 1 3 3 exit
\n 1 4 4 next\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<\/li>\n
- getline [var] < expression
\n\u7b2c\u4e09\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u4eceexpression\u4e2d\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u8f93\u5165\uff0c\u4e0e\u7b2c\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u5c31\u4e0d\u52a0\u8d58\u8ff0\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nclose<\/h5>\n
close\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u5173\u95ed\u5df2\u7ecf\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u8005\u7ba1\u9053\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982getline\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u7528\u5230\u7ba1\u9053\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528close\u51fd\u6570\u628a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ba1\u9053\u5173\u95ed\uff0cclose\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u4e0e\u7ba1\u9053\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u4e00\u81f4\uff1a
\n[kodango@devops awk_temp]$ awk ‘BEGIN {
\nwhile(“cat statement.txt” | getline) {
\n print $0;
\n close(“cat statement.txt”);
\n}}’
\n\u4f46\u662f\u6bcf\u6b21\u8bfb\u4e86\u4e00\u884c\u540e\uff0c\u5173\u95ed\u7ba1\u9053\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u91cd\u65b0\u6253\u5f00\u53c8\u91cd\u65b0\u8bfb\u53d6\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c\u5c31\u6b7b\u5faa\u73af\u4e86\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u8981\u614e\u7528\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u4e5f\u5f88\u5c11\u4f1a\u7528\u5230close\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n
system<\/h5>\n
\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u5f88\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u7528\u4e8e\u6267\u884c\u5916\u90e8\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a
\n$ awk ‘BEGIN {system(“uname -r”);}’<\/p>\n
\u53c2\u8003\u8d44\u6599<\/h2>\n\n- awk \u7b80\u660e\u6559\u7a0b\uff1a http:\/\/coolshell.cn\/articles\/9070.html<\/a> <\/li>\n
- Awk\u5b66\u4e60\u7b14\u8bb0\uff1a http:\/\/man.lupaworld.com\/content\/manage\/ringkee\/awk.htm<\/a> <\/li>\n
- \u300ased & awk\u300b\u8bfb\u4e66\u7b14\u8bb0\uff1a http:\/\/blog.jobbole.com\/31817<\/a> <\/li>\n
- gawk \u624b\u518c\uff1a http:\/\/www.gnu.org\/software\/gawk\/manual\/gawk<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u6b22\u8fce\u5173\u6ce8\u6211\u7684\u5fae\u4fe1\u516c\u4f17\u53f7: coderbee\u7b14\u8bb0<\/strong>\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u53ca\u65f6\u56de\u590d\u4f60\u7684\u8ba8\u8bba\u3002<\/p>\n![](\"https:\/\/coderbee.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/coderbee-note.jpg\")
<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
awk\u5206\u522b\u4ee3\u8868\u5176\u4f5c\u8005\u59d3\u6c0f\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bcd\u3002 awk \u57fa\u7840 awk\u8bed\u6cd5\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\uff1a a … \u7ee7\u7eed\u9605\u8bfb